Hyperglycemia vs. Hypoglycemia: Causes, Symptoms and Preventions

When trying to control diabetes, the blood sugar level (the amount of blood sugar) can rise or fall too: this situation should not be underestimated, but fortunately it's easy to bring your blood sugar within the limits.

Studies on a large number of healthy children and young adults seem to confirm that it is very rare that the blood sugar remains stable below 60 mg / dL or above 100 mg/dl, although in reality there are cases of this type that do not present any kind of symptoms.

Hyperglycemia

When there is too much glucose in the blood, this is called hyperglycemia. The indicative minimum values to speak of hyperglycemia are

• 110 milligrammes of deciliter (mg/dl) of fasting blood,
• 140 milligrammes of deciliter after two hours from a glucose load.

These values are dangerous in the long term but, unfortunately, often not related to specific symptoms, which appear to much higher values.

Hyperglycemia is caused by:

• Power unrestrained,
• consumption of sweets,
• not taking the glucose-lowering medications,
• Insufficient insulin administration,
• illnesses,
• stress,
• Lack of exercise.

If left untreated can result in coma and eventually death

Among the symptoms of hyperglycemia include:

• dry mouth;
• thirst,
• urination (need to pee) frequently,
• blurred vision;
• fatigue or drowsiness,
• slimming,
• feeling sick,
• lack of appetite,
• High values of ketones in urine.

In the case of hyperglycemia:

• drink water or other unsweetened drinks at will,
• check your blood sugar,
• Always adhere to the diet.

If your blood sugar remains high, consult your doctor to keep your blood sugar in check.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia occurs when there is not enough glucose in the blood. The "hypo" prefix of hypoglycemia is a prefix of Greek origin and means "under." The hypoglycemia usually occurs in patients with insulin or other medications, it can be caused by:

An excess of insulin, in this case, is also called insulin shock,

   1.       Poor feeding,

   2.       Late in the meal,

   3.      Working too hard,

   4.      Stress,

   5.      Alcohol and drugs.

The symptoms of hypoglycemia, which may also occur only in part, on the other hand, are:

1   1.       Sweating,

    2.       Tremor,

    3.      Nervousness,

    4.      Tachycardia,

    5.      Excessive and sudden hunger,

    6.      Dizziness,

    7.      Tiredness and fainting,

    8.      Changes in mood,

    9.      Confusion,

   10.   Numbness of the lips and tongue,

   11.    Headache,

   12.    Blurred vision,

   13.   Sudden word problems.

Experimental studies in healthy adults have shown that mental capacity falls in discoverable if your blood glucose drops below 65 mg/dl; values below 54 mg/dl trigger Hormonal defence mechanisms (adrenaline and glucagon).

If left untreated, hypoglycemia can cause loss of consciousness or convulsions. Diabetic patients report symptoms of a different kind when your blood sugar drops, you should learn to recognise the symptoms and feelings that characterise in your case hypoglycemia.

Some patients, however, no symptoms in these cases should be based solely on the examination of blood glucose to find out if you suffer from hypoglycemia.

If you have low blood sugar you eat or drink something that contains sugar right away readily available, for example:

1.       Half a cup of fruit or sweet carbonated drink juice,

2.      Ten candies,

3.      Two tablespoons of sugar or honey.

If symptoms do not disappear within a quarter of an hour, or if the blood sugar continues to remain less than 80 mg/dl take another dose of fast-absorbing sugars. Repeat at intervals of ten or fifteen minutes, until your blood sugar will not exceed the specified value.

Take the meal or snack after taking a dose of easily absorbed sugars, not subtract the snack from the next meal planning. Do not drive and do not use machines if you feel you have low blood sugar. Stay in touch with your doctor for better guidance.

Communicate to your relatives and friends who are diabetic, so if by chance you find unconscious or in distress, will bring you straight to the emergency room or call an ambulance.

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